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In business, the CEO is responsible for identifying and acting on opportunities. Their biggest regret may be missing a clearly identifiable industry trend or failing to enact change in the organization that would have been essential for key pivots or decisions.
“Environmental scanning” is a business term used to help leaders survey the landscape of competitors, customers, and new product and service innovations. The CEO prepared to lead in the future is one who prepares today.
One of the most essential roles a CEO will fulfill to help a company stay current is to scan the horizon, pay attention to changes and build a strategy to meet the marketplace’s new demands.
Environmental scanning lets leaders move out of day-to-day operations and take a macro view of the organization. It shifts the organization from reactive mode to proactive mode so it can anticipate and meet market changes and new customer expectations.
When CEOs are adaptable, they can pivot as the market changes. Another benefit of being adaptable is bouncing back quickly from adversity.
There are several ways to conduct a scan of external factors impacting your business. The most popular is Porter’s Five Forces, part of the management theory of Michael Porter, a Harvard Business School professor and consultant.
Porter first described this model in a 1979 Harvard Business Review article. He outlines forces outside a business that significantly impact its performance and operations. Those factors are:
This kind of analysis can offer a quick assessment of your business, with each area given a rating of strong, moderate or weak.
A SWOT analysis is another way to develop your business strategy by comparing internal factors against external factors like opportunities, trends and threats.
An environmental scan helps company leaders stay ready to react and respond to marketplace changes. A leader with critical thinking skills and awareness will react to changes influencing their business and turn those opportunities into positive results. These results can include innovations that propel the company to reach new customers and markets.
When considering the responsibilities of being prepared for the future, CEOs and leaders would do well to remember the words of Abraham Lincoln: “You cannot escape the responsibility of tomorrow by evading it today.”
The future will come to businesses and marketplaces whether or not companies and leaders are prepared. Many businesses ignore external changes because they’re stuck in past business models and thought frameworks.
Leaders who don’t prepare for marketplace shifts experience:
In contrast, CEOs and leaders who prepare their organizations by identifying market challenges and opportunities can spearhead change to thrive in the new environment.
CEOs and influential leaders should conduct an environmental scan once a year to review shifts that can and will impact business performance.
Staying alert and keeping watch are two concepts that will help CEOs stay ahead of marketplace changes. Below are four areas CEOs should watch for to remain alert business leaders.
Examine these areas to become aware of and prepared for coming changes to the market. Well-prepared CEOs can conduct an external scan of their environment to be ready for any potential change that might impact the business.
CEOs and leaders must pay attention to early thinking and behavior shifts in the market. To do this, they should incorporate the following advice:
When a business examines what a customer wants before the customer knows what they want, it’s sure to be rewarded. Steve Jobs once reminded the team at Apple:
“Some people say, ‘Give the customers what they want.’ But that’s not my approach. Our job is to figure out what they’re going to want before they do. I think Henry Ford once said, ‘If I’d asked customers what they wanted, they would have told me, ‘A faster horse!’ People don’t know what they want until you show it to them. That’s why I never rely on market research. Our task is to read things that are not yet on the page.”
For effective environmental scanning, use a combination of external sources (industry publications, customer feedback, suppliers, government officials and competitors) and internal sources (customer service reps, social media managers and sales team).
In business and life, something new is always happening. Technology leads to new opportunities, and changes often create a sense of urgency to act. In business, existing companies would be wise to pay attention to new marketplace elements. A new-start scan could include:
One example of a new start in the fast-food industry was when McDonald’s started offering $1 menu items. Other fast-food chains became aware of this new start and quickly followed suit so they wouldn’t lose market share as customers flocked to McDonald’s lower-priced menu. Other entities’ new initiatives can help existing companies understand when to begin something new.
Every business leader should conduct a scan of new or better substitutes for their business and product. An old proverb states, “There is nothing new under the sun,” so no company or organization should feel it has the one and only unique product.
Leaders must identify how consumers might substitute another’s product for theirs and what changes they should make in their current product to stay ahead of the competition.
False substitutes will always come into the marketplace seeking to mirror your products and services. Some can happen locally, but many substitutes can also happen internationally in a worldwide economy. This warning should inspire well-prepared CEOs to build products and services that are not easily replicated or duplicated.
If your business or product can be duplicated in a short period, you haven’t built your business to last. CEOs who wish to become market leaders must strive to build and produce products that are not easily mirrored.
A well-prepared leader pays attention to the signs present in the culture. A scan of these signs would include a review of the economic, social and judicial changes that might impact the business. A leader should review signs of anything new impacting their business or how they do business at the local, national and international levels.
There are always signs of what is coming if leaders open their eyes. Some examples include:
Track KPIs to identify unusual changes in customer complaints, sudden increases or decreases in orders or sales, or pending legislation that affects supplies and costs.
A quick environmental scan can help CEOs and the companies they lead gain a competitive edge. Such an evaluation can enable leaders to see the changes, pivots and movements that will lessen negative impacts or help propel their business forward.
This four-step environmental scan can quickly assess changes and shifts in the market that any CEO can conduct with their team to help their organization stay prepared and get ahead.
Well-prepared leaders are alert and aware, able to see trends before other leaders spot them. Their vision helps their companies effect change and become market leaders.
Jennifer Dublino contributed to the reporting and writing in this article.